Extracts from Hericium erinaceus relieve inflammatory bowel disease by regulating immunity and gut microbiota  – Chen Diling & Al.
Experiment: in vivo (ratus norvegicus – rat)
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This scientific article studies the effects of extracts from the mushroom Hericium erinaceus (HE) on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The extracts were administered to rats with IBD induced by trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS). The results showed that the extracts improved both clinical and histological symptoms of IBD, notably by reducing the activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO), an enzyme associated with inflammation, and increasing the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines Foxp3 and IL-10. The extracts also altered the composition of the rats’ gut microbiota, promoting the growth of beneficial bacteria.

In conclusion, HE extracts may have therapeutic potential in treating IBD by modulating gut microbiota and the immune system.

Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Ethanol Extract of Lion’s Mane Medicinal Mushroom, Hericium erinaceus (Agaricomycetes), in Mice with Ulcerative Colitis – Mingming Qin & Al.
Experiment: in vivo (mus musculus – mouse)
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The ethanol extract of Hericium erinaceus (HEEE) showed significant anti-inflammatory effects in a mouse model of ulcerative colitis. Mice treated with HEEE had improvements in weight loss, colon length, intestinal bleeding, myeloperoxidase accumulation, histological changes in neutrophils and lymphocytes, and mucosal epithelium compared to untreated mice. HEEE inhibited the production of inflammatory mediators, including TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, and increased the production of NO and superoxide dismutase. These results suggest that HEEE may be a potential therapeutic agent for inflammatory bowel diseases.

In Vitro and In Vivo Inhibition of Helicobacter pylori by Ethanolic Extracts of Lion’s Mane Medicinal Mushroom, Hericium erinaceus (Agaricomycetes) – Ge Wang & Al.
Experiment: in vivo (mus musculus – mouse) et in vitro (cell cultures)
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Hericium erinaceus mushrooms are used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat gastric ulcers. This study tested the effects of these mushrooms on the bacterium Helicobacter pylori, which is responsible for ulcers.

Researchers prepared different extracts from Hericium erinaceus mushrooms and tested them on H. pylori cultures. They found that the extracts inhibited the growth of the bacteria, with petroleum ether extracts being the most effective.

Two pure compounds were isolated from the petroleum ether extracts and identified as the main contributors to the antibacterial activity. These compounds, called 1-(5-chloro-2-hydroxyphenyl)-3-methyl-1-butanone and 2,5-bis(methoxycarbonyl)terephthalic acid, are organic acids that can damage the cell membrane of H. pylori.

In conclusion, this study suggests that Hericium erinaceus mushrooms could be an effective treatment against gastric ulcers. However, further research is needed to confirm these results.

A Polysaccharide Isolated from Mycelia of the Lion’s Mane Medicinal Mushroom Hericium erinaceus (Agaricomycetes) Induced Apoptosis in Precancerous Human Gastric Cells – Mingxing Wang & Al.
Experiment: in vitro (cell cultures)
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This scientific article studies the effects of a polysaccharide isolated from the mycelium of Hericium erinaceus (also known as lion’s mane mushroom) on precancerous human gastric cells.

Researchers grew H. erinaceus mycelium and isolated a polysaccharide that showed anti-ulcer and anti-gastritis properties. They then tested this polysaccharide on two cell lines: a normal gastric cell line (GES-1) and a precancerous line (MC) derived from GES-1.

They found that the polysaccharide induced cell death (apoptosis) and cell cycle arrest (G0/G1 phase) in the MC line, but not in the GES-1 line.

Further studies showed that the polysaccharide acted by modulating the expression of the genes Bax, Bcl-2, and caspase-3, which are involved in apoptosis.

In conclusion, the results suggest that this polysaccharide could be effective in preventing the progression of gastric cancer.

Anti-Helicobacter pylori activity of bioactive components isolated from Hericium erinaceus – Jian-Hui Liu & Al.
Experiment: in vitro (cell cultures)
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Hericium erinaceus mushrooms are used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat gastric ulcers. This study tested the effects of these mushrooms on the bacterium Helicobacter pylori, responsible for ulcers.

Researchers prepared various extracts from Hericium erinaceus and tested them on H. pylori cultures. They found that the extracts inhibited bacterial growth, with petroleum ether extracts being the most effective.

Two pure compounds were isolated from the petroleum ether extracts and identified as the main contributors to the antibacterial activity. These compounds, 1-(5-chloro-2-hydroxyphenyl)-3-methyl-1-butanone and 2,5-bis(methoxycarbonyl)terephthalic acid, are organic acids that can damage the cell membrane of H. pylori.

In conclusion, this study suggests that Hericium erinaceus mushrooms could be an effective treatment against gastric ulcers. However, further research is needed to confirm these results.

Anti-Gastric Ulcer Activity of Polysaccharide Fraction Isolated from Mycelium Culture of Lion’s Mane Medicinal Mushroom, Hericium erinaceus (Higher Basidiomycetes) – Mingxing Wang & Al.
Experiment: in vivo (mus musculus – mouse) et in vitro (cell culture)
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This scientific article studies the anti-ulcer effects of a polysaccharide fraction isolated from the mycelium culture of Hericium erinaceus. The polysaccharide fraction was tested on a mouse model of ethanol-induced gastric ulcer and on MC cell lines. The results showed that the polysaccharide fraction significantly reduced ulcer size, and that the effect was dose-dependent, both in animal and cell experiments. These results suggest that the polysaccharide fraction is the active component of H. erinaceus mycelium culture that protects against gastric ulcers.

Gastroprotective Effects of Lion’s Mane Mushroom Hericium erinaceus (Bull.:Fr.) Pers. (Aphyllophoromycetideae) Extract against Ethanol-Induced Ulcer in Rats  – Jing-Yang Wong & Al.
Experiment: in vivo (Ratus norvegicus – rat)
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This scientific article studies the gastroprotective effects of an aqueous extract of Hericium erinaceus on ethanol-induced gastric ulcers in rats. The results showed that the extract significantly reduced ulcer size in a dose-dependent manner. The extract also protected the gastric mucosa by preventing depletion of antioxidant enzymes. The level of malondialdehyde (MDA), a marker of oxidative stress, was also lower in the stomach tissues of rats treated with the extract compared to the control group. Immunohistochemistry showed increased expression of the HSP70 protein and decreased expression of the BAX protein in rats pretreated with the extract.

In conclusion, the aqueous extract of H. erinaceus protected the gastric mucosa of rats in this in vivo model. It is possible that the bioactive compounds present in the extract play an important role in its gastroprotective activity.